Pallar
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Mallar/Devendra Kula Vellalar Immanuvel tiger2.jpg MaaveeranSundaralingaDevendrar8.jpg Devaneya1988.jpg
Porali Immanuvel Devendrar , Thalapathi Sundaralinga Devendrar, Devaneya Pavanar
Total population
1.5 crore
Regions with significant populations
Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala, Sri Lanka
Languages
Tamil
Religion
Atheism, Hinduism, Christianity, Islam
Related ethnic groups
Tamil people
Pallar(Tamil:பள்ளர்) or Mallar(Tamil: மள்ளர்) is a caste from the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. They are mostly agriculturalists in Tamil Nadu, Sri Lanka and amongst the Tamil diaspora[1]. They are also known as Devendra kula Vellalar. Pallars also suffix the title Kudumban after their names.
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Origin
* 2 Mallar
* 3 History
* 4 Marutam land
* 5 Tamil Literature referring to Mallars
* 6 List Of Scholars Who Say Pallars Are The Mallars
* 7 Ongoing Struggle For Name Change
* 8 In Sri lanka and abroad
* 9 Genetics
* 10 Notable people
o 10.1 Cine Field
o 10.2 Freedom Fighters
o 10.3 Scholars
* 11 References
o 11.1 Notes
o 11.2 External links
[edit] Origin
Devendra Kula Vellalar are an ancient people group belonging to the Marutam land.They claim themselves to be the descendents of Lord Indra(the god of Marutam land).They also claim to be the first cultivators of rice in Tamilnadu.So they call themselves as Devendra Kula Vellalar[2][3].
[edit] Mallar
Mallar is a name which denotes the people of the Marutam land.The name Mallar is present in all Tamil Literature from ancient times.The name Mallar denotes a group of people who are Warriors and Farmers[4][5].This can be proved by the following examples.
An example from Thivagara Nigandu(9th century Tamil dictionary) giving meaning for the word Mallar as Warriors and Farmers:
“ "அருந்திறல் வீரர்க்கும் பெருந்திறலுழவர்க்கும்
வருந்தகைத்தாகும் 'மள்ளர்' எனும் பெயர்" ”
—-திவாகர நிகண்டு
An example from pingala nigandu(dictionary) giving meaning for Mallar as Warriors and Marutam land(Agriculture land) people:
“ "செருமலை வீரரும் திண்ணியோரும்
மருதநில மக்களும் 'மள்ளர்' என்ப" ”
—-பிங்கல நிகண்டு
[edit] History
Mallar and Mallathi
Mallars were the great kings(moovendar) and professional worriors [6]. The word Pallar is a corruption of Tamil word Mallar[7]. It is possible that the Pallava rulers belonged to this people[8]. They also served the Pallava army[9]. Most of the ancient temples in and around Tamilnadu were built and owned by this community. After the invasion of Nayak Kings and Maratha Kings, the Pallars were deprived of their land and were made as agricultural labourers in their own farms for which they were the then owners.
Devendrakulam is the name of a caste in India. The members of the caste claim they have this name because they are the descendents of Lord Indra, King of the Devas. Majority of the people of this caste are involved in agriculture. The people of this caste are also called by Palla, Pallan, Kudumban, kaaladi, Pannadi, Devendrakulla Vellalar. Though People of this caste claim superiority of their origin, the caste is included in the Scheduled Caste and many of its members were held as agriculture slaves and bonded agriculture labourers during the 17th Century until mid 20th Century.
Extensive research done by Dr.K.R.Hanumanthan and Tamil research scholar Deva Asirvatham and later by Dr.Guruswamy Sidhar indicate that the people of this caste are the scions of Chera, Chola, pandiya and Pallavas who ruled the current Tamilnadu, Part of Andhra Pradesh during ancient period and ruled Tamilnadu up to the 16th Century[10]. After the invasion of Vijaynagar Empire and Marata Kings, the Tamil Kings and their community were removed of their title, land and were made as agricultural labourers in their own farms for which they were the then owners. To hide this Historic fact these people who were then called as Mallar (Malla, Mallan) were named as Pallar (Palla, Pallan) and many poems were written during 17,18,19 and beginning of 20th Century in the name of Pallu Poems' with the encouragement from Vijayanagar (Nayak) dynasty[11]. Before that period the People were called as Mallar Meaning warrior, Oolavar meaning plougher (farmer) and Vellalar meaning great gift giver. These people were regular farmers and land lords during peace time (Oolavar) and warriors (Mallars) during war time.
The Sangam poems written before 1 century BC mentions about the Gods Lord Shiva, Goddess Umadevi, Lord Tirumal (Lord Vishnu), Goddess Lakshimi, Lord Brahma, Goddess Saraswati, Lord Muruga (Lord Karthik), Lord Vinayega (Lord Ganesh), Lord Indra were Mallar.
Though the Pallu Poems denigrated the Mallar and called them as Pallar, they also say that Pallar's ancestors were Mallar's. During 16th Century AD, Nayak King passed a law ordering people not to have any contact with the Pandian dynasity (in general with Mallar's) and prevented the 18 communities that supported the Tamil Kings from having contact with one another and from inter-marriage between these communities. (This was the origin of Untouchability and modern caste division in Tamilnadu). The Mallar's were ex-communicated, then gradually over the next 300 years, their lands were removed and given to other new formed upper castes that were loyal to Telugu Kings. The Mallar's were named as Pallar's and were made as agricultural labourers in the land in which they were once owners. Then after a few generations they were made as bonded labourers and then were removed of all basic human rights (Prevented from having education, access to public places and Temples built by their own ancestors, prohibition from wearing Ornaments and dress on the upper part of the body, shoes etc.).
To hide the truth that all Temples built up to 16th Century AD were built by the ancestors of these people, attempts were made to hide Temple Paintings by redrawing new paintings on the old ones (Tanjavur Periya Koyil, Mariamman Koyil). During 1932 when British gave self-autonomy to Indians, 1000s of new castes sprung up claiming superiority on one over the other. Several actions were directed by other communities to keep the Pallar's at a low profile for fear of the other communities (new formed higher castes) losing their claim for high caste and land ownership. In 1957 the Pallar, Devendrakula Vellalar Community was included to the Scheduled Caste by Kamaraj, then Chief minister of Tamilnadu, owing to the poverty of the community.
Day-to-day activity shows evidence of the rich heritage these people had from ancient times. The community people have their own village self government (Panchayat), have special priests for Temples, Barbers, Dobbies, Doctors etc. in villages. These people also have their own temples that are called as King Temples. They are also the priests in village Temples, exclusively owned by these people. In ancient temples like Perur, Samayapuram, Tirunelveli and so on, leaders of this community are brought to the Temple with festivities on Elephant with White Umbrella coverage, playing trumpts and drums and given the first respect during Temple festivals and are asked to touch the TempleCaravan (Thear) first before it comes on procession. These were the privileges only the ancient Tamil Kings had and were passed on to their descendents that still continues. Priests of these ancient Temples accept and agree that the ancestors of DevendraKulathar are the ancient Tamil Kings namely Chera, Chola, Pandiya.There are ownership documents (Pattayam signed during 1500s) that show that the Palani Murugan Temple and numerous ancient Temples belong to people of Devendrakulam. These ancient Temples were built by ancient Tamil Kings thus these documents and respect given to people of this community at these temples bridge the relation between the ancient Kings and the Devendrakula community.
[edit] Marutam land
Main article: sangam landscape
Paddy fields in present day Tamil Nadu
Marutam is one of the five lands of ancient Tamil country.It is a fertile land suitable for Agriculture.It was present near the Rivers.Like all the civilizations around the world which were present near the rivers,the Marutam land gave birth to the Tamil Civilization.Mallars were the people who lived in the Marutam land.Their God was Vendan or Indran.They were Farmers and Warriors[12] .
“ மருதம் - தலைவி கூற்று
மள்ளர் குழீஇய விழவி னானும்
மகளிர் தழீஇய துணங்கை யானும்
யாண்டுங் காணேன் மாண்தக் கோனை
யானுமோர் ஆடுகள மகளே என்கைக்
கோடீ ரிலங்குவளை நெகிழ்த்த
பீடுகெழு குரிசிலுமோர் ஆடுகள மகனே ”
—-ஆதிமந்தியார்(குறுந்தொகை).
[edit] Tamil Literature referring to Mallars
See also: Tamil literature
See also: Sangam literature
Mallars are mentioned in Tamil literature from the ancient Sangam Literature to the recent 19th century poems, including Purananuru, Kamba Ramayanam, Thirumurukkatruppatai, Silapathigaram, Agananuru, Pathirtrupattu, Kurunthogai, Aingurunooru, Kalithogai, Natrinai, and Paripaadal.
The name Pallar is mentioned only in pallu poems and later poems.Both the names Pallar and Mallar denotes the same people.This can be proved by the following example.[13].
An example from mukoodar pallu:
“ "மள்ளர் குலத்தில் வரினும் இரு பள்ளியர்க்கோர்
பள்ளக் கணவன்" ”
—-முக்கூடற்பள்ளு(பாடல்-13)
The Tamil poems which says that both the names Pallar and Mallar denotes the same people are mukoodar pallu,vaiyapuri pallu,sengottu pallu,peerur puranam and thandigai kanagaraayan pallu.
[edit] List Of Scholars Who Say Pallars Are The Mallars
* M.Srinivasa Iyangar[14].
* Dr.Winslow[15].
* T.K.Velupillai[16].
* Dr G.Hobart[17].
* Mozhignayiru Devaneya pavanar[18].
* Pandit savarirai[19].
* Dr K.R.Hanumanthan[20].
* A.V.Subramaniya Iyer[21].
* Thiru R.Deva Asirvatham[22].
* veeramamunivar[23].
* Thiru Prabhanjan[24].
The following books are written about Mallars.
[show]
Reference Books
Dev Veel.jpgMallaram Mannar.jpg Moovendar.jpg
Tamil Elakia Malar.jpgVella yaar.jpgDevendrarmeel.jpgMaruthamallar.jpg
[edit] Ongoing Struggle For Name Change
The people of this caste does not want themselves to be called by the name Pallar.Because the name Pallar which is used to denote these people nowadays was introduced in the 17th century by the nayak kings to discriminate them.Before that they were called by the name Mallar.The people of this caste want their name to be called as Devendra Kula Vellalar.In order to make the Government change their name from Pallar to Devendra Kula Vellalar the people of this caste are undertaking many peaceful struggles in Tamilnadu like hunger strike,peaceful rally,etc.The people of this caste are also demanding the Tamilnadu government to change the name Adi Dravidar(which is used to denote the people of Scheduled caste in Tamilnadu) to Pattiyal Saathiyinar(which is the Tamil Translation for the English word Scheduled caste).Because Adi Dravidar is the name of a caste which is present in the Scheduled caste list.In the list many other caste are also present including Pallar caste.
[edit] In Sri lanka and abroad
In Sri Lanka, M(P)allar are currently found in Jaffna and eastern Batticalo region and were primarily agricultural workers. But there is evidence that some have assimilated with the dominant Vellala caste over the last 100 years. They have played and important role in the formation many Tamil nationalistic militant groups namely EPRLF that was eventually eclipsed by the more militant LTTE. Today amongst the Tamil diaspora across the world M(P)allars are found as part of the greater Tamil community and caste distinctions are minimal.[25] In Sri Lanka, M(P)allar have formed an important component in rebel groups after the civil war.
[edit] Genetics
According to Sengupta et al., 2006 study M(P)allars have Y-chromosome-Haplogroups that show a curious mix of South Asian haplogroups. Their biggest lineage is R1a1 which forms 24% of their male population. This Y-chromosome lineage predominates North-West of the Indian subcontinent. They also have L1 and L3 where L1 is one of the most common Haplogroup in South India with an appreciable presence in North India and Pakistan, L3 is mostly observed among Pakistanis and almost absent among South Indians. Other pan-Indian Haplogroups like H, R2 and J2 are observed at frequencies greater than 10%.[26]
[edit] Notable people
* Samuga Urimai Porali Tyagi Immanuel Sekaran
* Thekkampattu Balasundararaju
* M.Arunachalam(an Indian politician and former Member of Parliament)
* A.Tamilarasi(present Minister for Adi-Dravidar and Tribal Welfare in Tamil Nadu state of India)
* Dr K.Krishnasamy(Founder of Puthiya Thamizhagam Party)
* Thalapathy John Pandiyan(Founder of Tamizhaga Munnetra Kazhagam)
* C.Pasupathi Pandiyan(Founder of Tamil Nadu Devendra Kula Velalar Kootamaippu)
* Justice L.Thamburaju M.A;B.L; SENIOR JUDGE
* Justice S. Ashok Kumar
[edit] Cine Field
* John Kennedy Victor aka Vikram, Tamil film star
* Ponnambalam, actor
[edit] Freedom Fighters
* Maaveeran Sundaralinga Kudumbanar
* Tyagi Mohanavalli vadivu
* Maaveeran Venni Kaaladi
[edit] Scholars
* Mozhinayiru Devaneya Pavanar
* Thiru R.Deva Asirvatham
* Thiru Gurusamy Siddhar
[edit] References
1. ^ Edgar Thurston, The Tribes and Castes of Southern India (7 vols)
2. ^ Mannar Uruvana 'Mallar' Varalaru
3. ^ http://www.tamilagaarasiyal.com/ActionPages/Content.aspx?bid=844&rid=45
4. ^ Pallar alla Mallar aam Mannar (Not Pallas but Mallas, Yes Kings) by Thiru.R.Deva Asirvatham
5. ^ Tamil Elakiyathil Pallar yendra Mallar, Devendrakula Vellalar ( Adipadai Saandrugal). (Tamil Literature portraying Pallar alias Mallar, Devendrakula Vellalar (Basic Facts)) by Thiru Gurusamy siddhar
6. ^ Śaṅgam polity: the administration and social life of the Śaṅgam Tamils
7. ^ Dalits in Dravidian land: Frontline reports on Anti-Dalit violence in Tamil by S. Viswanathan (Journalist)
8. ^ Caste system: myths, reality, challenge by Sachchidanand Sinha
9. ^ Political Change and Agrarian Tradition in South India
10. ^ Moovendar Yar (Who are the Three Kings) by Thiru.R.Deva Asirvatham
11. ^ Pallar alla Mallar aam Mannar by Thiru.R.Deva Asirvatham
12. ^ Tamil Elakiyathil Pallar yendra Mallar, Devendrakula Vellalar ( Adipadai Saandrugal). (Tamil Literature portraying Pallar alias Mallar, Devendrakula Vellalar (Basic Facts)) by Thiru Gurusamy siddhar
13. ^ Thiru Gurusamy Siddhar. Tamil Elakiyathil Pallar yendra Mallar, Devendrakula Vellalar (Adipadai Saandrugal) [Tamil Literature portraying Pallar alias Mallar, Devendrakula Vellalar (Basic Facts)].
14. ^ Tamil Studies By M.Srinivasa Iyangar
15. ^ Dr.Winslow Dictionary,PP.745
16. ^ Travancore State Manual,1940 By T.K.Velupillai
17. ^ Dravidans,The Original Inhabitants of India,PP.101 By Dr G.Hobart
18. ^ Senthamizh Selvi 1975 April Release
19. ^ N.C.Kanthaiyapillai,Tamilar Sarithiram,Page 206
20. ^ Untouchability,A Historical Study,PP.100 By Dr K.R.Hanumanthan
21. ^ Tamil Studies,Part 2,PP.67 By A.V.Subramaniya Iyer
22. ^ Pallar alla Mallar aam Mannar (Not Pallas but Mallas, Yes Kings) by Thiru.R.Deva Asirvatham
23. ^ Thembhavani,Naatupadalam,cheyul 32
24. ^ Mannar Uruvana 'Mallar' Varalaru
25. ^ Caste, the last frontier by Prof. S. Ratnajeevan H. Hoole
26. ^ Mitochondrial unity of India’s castes
* http://www.qeh.ox.ac.uk/pdf/qehwp/qehwps82.pdf
[edit] Notes
1. Moovendar Yar (Who are the Three Kings)
2. Pallar alla Mallar aam Mannar (Not Pallas but Mallas, Yes Kings)
3. Tamil Elakiyathil Pallar yendra Mallar, Devendrakula Vellalar ( Adipadai Saandrugal).
4. India’s Religious Pluralism by Barbarra Harris White
[edit] External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Mallar
* http://devendrakural.tk
* http://www.thevendrar.in
* http://www.devendrakulam.org
* http://www.maruthamalar.com.co.in
* http://www.geocities/mallarmalar.com
* http://www.pallar.org
* http://www.tamilagaarasiyal.com/ActionPages/Content.aspx?bid=817&rid=43
* http://www.tamilagaarasiyal.com/ActionPages/Content.aspx?bid=844&rid=45
* http://www.mallarnadu.com/index.php
* http://www.ptparty.org/
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pallar"
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38 comments:
super'b.Nalla irukku ungaluthu article with muyarchi.So,please,collect other valuable evidence from olai suvadi ,kalvettu,and naattupura paattu,with tholporuliyal thurai document,.definitely The PALLAR (or)THEIVA-INDRA-KUZHAM cast is not a cast ,it is one race(inam)Eg,yuutha,sourastra,parsi ans.....Many historical evidence are deposit on above said olai suvadi....and other.please collect to morew evidence and publish here.ok.Try to level best. by e.serans..
devendra kulam sir...
arumai arumai,
“ "'தேவேந்திரப் பள்ளரில்' வெள்ளானன வேந்தன்,DEVENDIRA PERUNKUDI, மிக விருது பெற்றவன் சேத்துக்கால் சென்னன், சென்னல் முடி காவலன், தேவேந்திர வரபுத்திரன், மண்வெட்டி கொண்டு மலையைக் கடைந்த கண்ணன், வெள்ளானனக் கொடி படைத்தவன், வெள்ளைக்குடை, முத்துக்குடை, பவளக்குடை, பஞ்சவர்ணக்குடை, முகில் கொடி, புலிக்கொடி, அலகுக்கொடி படைத்தவன், தெய்வப் பொன்முடி தேவேந்திரனுக்குக் கொடுத்து இருகால் சிலம்பு வெகு விருது பெற்றவன் குருணிகுர 'தேவேந்திர பள்ளர்'" ”
—-காமாட்சியம்மன் கோயில் செப்புப்பட்டயம்
[3]
“ "தேவேந்திர பள்ளன் வெள்ளை பூச்சக்கரக் குடை வெள்ளையானை படைத்தவர்" ”
—-நல்லூர் செப்புப்பட்டயம்
[4]
“ "வெள்ளாண்மை யுலகில் வியனப்பேற் விளைய வள்ளல் தெய்வேந்திரன் வரிசையா யனுப்ப வெள்ளானை மீதில் விரைவகை முளுதுயர் தெள்ளிய புகழ் சேர் சேறாடிக் குடையும் செகத்தில்க் கொணர்ந்த தேவேந்திரக் குடும்பர் சேத்துக்கால் செல்வரான குடும்பர்களும்" ”
—-சிவகங்கை குடும்பர்கள் செப்பேடு
திருநெல்வேலி மாவட்டம் சங்கரநாயினார் கோவில் கோபுர வாசல் உள்புறம் கீழ்பக்கம் உள்ள கல்வெட்டு
“ விசுவாவசு வருடம் வைகாசி மாதம் 14 நாள்
திங்கட்கிழமையும் உத்திராடமும் பெற்ற நாள்
தெய்வேந்திரக் குடும்பன் பலாத்துப்படி : முன்
துவாபர யுகத்தில் உக்கிரப் பெருவழுதியும்
சோழனும் சேரனும் உலகம் வறுமைப்பட்டு
இருக்கின்ற காலத்திலே தெய்வேந்திரன் பக்கல் மழை
கேட்கப் போனவிடத்திலே பகவானும் மனம்
மகிழ்ந்து இரும் என்ன சேரனும் சோழனும்
வணங்கியிருக்க பாண்டியன் தெய்வேந்திரனுடனே
கூடியிருக்க, தேவேந்திரனும் வரிசை செய்தாற்போல
கவடு நினைக்க. பாண்டியன் கோபித்து எழுந்து
தேவ கன்னிகை மக்கள் நாலு குடும்பத்தாரை
கைப்பிடியாய்ப் பிடித்துக் கொண்டு சென்னல்
விதையும், கன்னல் விதையும் (கதலி) விதையும்
பனைவிதையும் முதலான பல வித்தும் ஒரு ரிசபமும்
ஒரு சாவியும் கொண்டு பூமியில் வந்தான்
நால்வரில் முதல்வனுக்கு தேவேந்திரக் குடும்பப்
பட்டமும் கட்டி, மூன்று பேருக்கு வாரியன்,
அக்கசாலை, (இளந்தாரியன்) என்று வரிசைப்
பட்டமும் கட்டி ஒரு நாளையிலே 12000 கிணறு
வெட்டி வேளாண்மை கண்ட படியினாலே
ராஜாவும் மனம் மகிழ்ந்து வெள்ளானையும்
வெள்ளை வட்டக் குடையும் சேறாடியும் பகல் பந்தம்
பாவாடை ரெட்டைச் சிலம்பும் ரெட்டைக்
கொடுக்கும் நன்மைக்கு 16 பந்தக்காலும் துன்மைக்கு
2 தேரும் பஞ்சவன் விருந்தும் . . . . .18 மேளமும்
கட்டளையிட்டு நடக்கிற காலத்திலெ . . . . . ”
—- தென்னிந்திய கோயிற் சாசனங்கள்ஃ பாகம் ஐஐ எண் 863ஃ பக்கம் 803
துவாபர யுகம் என்பது கி.மு. 3102 க்கு முற்பட்ட பல ஆயிரம் ஆண்டுகளைக் கொண்ட ஊழி. நெல், கரும்பு, வாழை, பனை முதலிய வித்துக்களையும் நீர்ப் பாசனத் தொழில் நுட்பத்தையும் முதன் முதலில் துவாபர யுகத்தில் கண்டுபிடித்த பாண்டிய வேந்தர் வம்சத்தைச் சேர்ந்த மள்ளர், குடும்பர் எனும் தேவேந்திர குலத் தமிழர்கள் பற்றிய செய்தியை மேலே காட்டப்பட்ட கல்வெட்டு கூறுகிறது.
பாண்டியன் வேந்தன்
பாண்டியன் நெடுஞ்செழிய மள்ளரை வேந்தன் என்றதும் அவனுடைய நீண்ட மதில் கொண்ட மதுரையை மல்லன் மூதூர் என்றதும் அவன் நெல்லின் மக்களின் குலத்தைச் சார்ந்தவன் என்பதும் பின்வரும் பாடல்களால் அறியலாம்.
“ வானுட்கும் வழ நீண்டமதில்
மல்லன் மூதூர் வய வேந்தெ. ”
—- புறநானூறு – 18,குடபுலவியனார் பாடியது.
“ சீர் சான்ற உயர் நெல்லின் ஊர்
கொண்ட உயர் கொற்றவ ”
—- மதுரைக் காஞ்சி வரி 87 – 88, மாங்குழ மருதனார்.
(பாண்டிய வேந்தர் தலையாலங்கானத்துச் செரு வென்ற பாண்டியன் நெடுஞ் செழிய மள்ளரைப் புகழ்ந்து பாடியது).
அதியமான் நெடுமான் அஞ்சி மள்ளரை ஒளவையார் பாடியது
சீறி வரும் வேலுக்கும் அஞ்சா மள்ளர்
“ இழை அணிப் பொலிந்த ஏந்து கோட்டு அல்குல்,
மடவரல், உண்கண், வாள்நுதல், விறலி!
பொருநரும் உளரோ, நும் அகன் தலை நாட்டு?’ என,
வினவல் ஆனாப் பொருபடை வேந்தே!
ஏறி கோல் அஞ்சா அரவின் அன்ன
சிறு வல் மள்ளரும் உளரே, அதா அன்று,
பொதுவில் தூங்கும் விசியுறு தண்ணுமை
வளி பொரு தெண் கண் கேட்பின்,
அது போர்’ என்னும் என்னையும் உளனே ”
—-புறநானூறு 89.
பொருள் : அதியமானின் பகையரசர் கேலி பேச ஒளவையார் கூறியது: ஆபரணங்களால் இழைக்கப் பெற்ற உடையினை அரையில் கட்டிக் கொண்டும், மைதீட்டிய கண்ணினையும் அழகிய நெற்றியையும் கொண்ட விறலி! என்னோடு போர் செய்து வெற்றி பெறுவாரும் உள்ளாரோ? உன்னுடைய நாட்டில் என என்னைப் பார்த்து (ஒளவையார்) வினவுகின்றான். போர்ப் படையுடைய வேந்தனே, எதிர்த்துப் பாய்ந்து வரும் வேலுக்கும் அஞ்சாத பாம்பு போல் சீறிப் பாயும் வலிமையுள்ள மள்ளர் குலப் போர் மறவரும் உள்ளனர் எம்நாட்டில். அது மட்டும் அல்லாது மன்றத்திலே தூங்கும் போது வீசுகின்ற கூதிர்க் காற்றினால் எழும் ஓசையைப் போர் முரசின் ஒலி என்று எண்ணி உடன் எழுகின்ற போர் எண்ணமும், ஆர்வமும் உள்ள எம் மன்னனுன் உள்ளான். இவற்றையெல்லாம் கண்டும், கேட்டுமா நீ இவ்வாறு கேட்கின்றாய்?
intha data pothuma innum konjam venduma
anbhudan
sankara paandiyan appa
Social and cultural engagements of pallars on the basis of agricultureAs an indication, there are some rituals and cultural festivals in Tamil Nadu by pallars which they have been celebrating from Sangam Period.
Venkodai Thiruvizha ( White Umbrella Festival)[14].
This festival is mentioned in Sangam literature Chilappathikaram as Indravilla festival, and a lot of archaeological evidences as well as literature evidences are available. The concept of the festival is that the whole family from the farming community (pallars) take venkodai on an elephant and seeking rain from their god Indra who was a Pandya king during time immemorial. Still a temple near Rajapalayam celebrates Venkodai festival and the temple authorities claimed that they have evidences of the festival for more than 400 years.
Mulappari festival attached with Aadi perukku. This is a typical method of testing the germination and vigour of various seeds which needs to be sown in the soils. The women take samples of various seeds and sown it in a dark room for 4-5 days and takes it to the god as demonstration during night. The concept is that the seeds will be selected from the house of best grown mulappari.
Ponnerpoottu Thiruvilla (Golden Plough Festival)[14].
This is celebrated in east Abhiramam, Ramnad District, Tamil Nadu. They make garlands with the mix of paddy seedlings and hariyali grass on the plough and sing folk songs. The neerkatti does the first plough using the golden plough and this is considered to be the first plough for the entire zone. It is estimated that this festival is about 2000 years old and during those ages. Kings used to come and start the festival; the government officials start the festival nowadays. During this festival, the people such as Kollans (blacksmiths/fabricators), Asari (the carpenters), Thattan (goldsmiths) and Edayan ( who rear the bullocks and cows) were used to be honoured for the help that they offered for starting the season.
According to Dr. Gnanasekaran indicates that this festival have been taken to the entire south-east Asia like Srilanka, Combodia, Thailand, Malasia Lavos and Vietnam by Chola Kings who conquered those regions.
Transplanting festival[14].
According to the Gnaneswaran, the transplanting festival have evidences of 1200 years based on the documents from Patteswaran temple. The women prepares the Nattru (seedling) and ties with Valli and worships the Goddess Patchai Nayagi, who is the wife of Lord Patteswaran.
They have developed a technique like Dapog method of Nursery preparation (about 1200 years back?). Every morning till the Nattru is ready for transplanting, they pray the God with Nattru and kulavai pattu, a kind of local song, until the nattru is ready for 15 days.
As per the concept, Patchi Nayagi, the wife of Lord Patteswaran, goes along with the women and transplant the seedling in the soil. This is being done by a women from the community who are specialised in paddy cultivation in Tamil Nadu.
Lord Patteswaran takes silver Spade (Manvetti), and accompany them for the final levelling of fields and patch works of the fileds. The Kalladi or Neerkatti does this as a representation of the God along with his wife Patchi Nayagi Mallammal.
Harvest Festival [14].
Pongal (Thai Pongal) which will be celebrated across Tamil Nadu in the month of January 14, 15 16 as a thanks giving celebration to God Indra and Lord Surya for the best yield provided by both of them. As per the concept, Indra provided good technology and seed and Surya provided the micro and macro climate which resulted in better yield.
Similarly they also thanks to Ayyanar who protected the land from all kind of calamities. They offer a part of their yield in the form of cooked food with Jaggery and also offer a portion of the yield. They also exhibit Nellmudi and offer it to Ayyanar in some places.
Mattupongal[14].
It is a thanks giving function for the cows and bullocks who supported the farming throughout the season.
Pallu poetry
Mukkoodal Pallu, documented in 1670, and Sengottu Pallu, 1850 which collectively mention 90 rice varieties. So far, around, 270-300 traditional rice varieties and 110 Bullocks types have been documented by the authors in these books. Still now, some of the songs are sung by the pallars of Tamil Nadu. The interest and involvement of pallar people in agriculture and documentation of paddy variety of Maruda Nilam – traditional paddy zones of Tamil Nadu from Sangam literature is not seen any where in the world. Based on the Tholkapiyam, 700-1400
B.C, the paddy classification knowledge is followed even today.[14].
appa devendrakulathan yaaru
Wonderfil article. Great Eyeopener for all. People should know the original history of Dravida Nadu. From 17th century onwards, we were enslaved by Nayak kings, and insulted like anything. Pallu songs will tell about the family system in our previous days. so folks, No more hard feelings!
valga thevender kulam
valga thevender kulam
very good presentation.what about palani temple copper plate inscriptions. How can people said to be lower caste can built such a big temple and maitain it.So it is crystal clear that pallars (mallars)are very respectable people on those days.just 500 years before.So it is time to arise.
After the palani temple it the thiruchendur temple that is built by pallars(mallars).All pallars around the temple will donate a portion of thei first yieald to the Lord Muruga.I also donated paddy some 50 yrs ago.
Dear Sir
Thank you very much for this historical documents. Even when I was a small boy, studying in the schools I was thinking about this pallavas, thanks for the eye opening article. We all should be very proud of our race. I am so great to know that all these histroical temples like Tanjore were built by our fore fathers. Thank you. Godd work.
திருத்தினைநகர் (தீர்த்தனகிரி)
திருமுறைத்தலங்கள்
நடுநாட்டுத் தலம்
திருத்தினைநகர் ( தீர்த்தனகிரி)
http://www.kamakoti.org/tamil/tirumurai39.htm
மக்கள் வழக்கில் தீர்த்தனகிரி என்று வழங்குகிறது.
தனிப் பேருந்தில் செல்வோர் கடலூர் - சிதம்பரம் மெயின் பாதையில், சிதம்பரத்திற்கு 45 - ஆவது கி.மீ.ல் ஆலப்பாக்கம் - புதுச்சத்திரம் இவற்றிற்கு இடையில் மேட்டுப்பாளையம் என்னும் இடத்தில் தீர்த்தனகிரி என்று கைகாட்டி உள்ள இடத்தில் பிரியும் சாலையில் போய், தானூரையடைந்து, தெருக்கோடியில் இடப்புறமாகச் செல்லும் சாலையில் சென்று, மேலும் இடப்புறமாகப் பிரிந்து செல்லும சாலையில் சென்று இவ்வூரையடையலாம்.
பெரியான் என்னும் பள்ளன் தன்நிலத்தை உழுதுகொண்டிருக்கும்போது இறைவன் அடியவராக வந்து அன்னம் கேட்க, அவன் தன் தொழிலை நிறுத்திவிட்டு உணவு கொண்டுவரத் தன் வீடு சென்றான். அவன் திரும்பி வருவதற்குள் இறைவன் அந்நிலத்தில் தினை விளைந்திருக்குமாறு செய்தார். வந்த பெரியான் கண்டு திகைக்க இறைவன் அவனுக்குக் காட்சி தந்தார். அதிசயமாகத் தினை விளைந்ததால் இத்தலம் 'தினைநகர்' என்று பெயர் பெற்றது.
இறைவன் - சிவக்கொழுந்தீசர், சிவாங்கரேஸ்வரர், திருந்தீஸ்வரர்.
இறைவி - நீலாயதாட்சி, ஒப்பிலாநாயகி, கருந்தடங்கண்ணி, இளங்கொம்பன்னாள்.
தலமரம் - கொன்றை.
தீர்த்தம் - ஜாம்பவ தீர்த்தம்.
அஞ்சல் முகவரி -
அ.மி. சிவக்கொழுந்தீசர் திருக்கோயில்
தீர்த்தனகிரி - அஞ்சல் - 608 801.
கடலூர் வட்டம் - கடலூர் மாவட்டம்
tharpodhu intha mavatadthil pallr yarum illai , anavarum indrakula vanniyar engira peyaril ullanar . adharam kadalur mavatathil vanniya makkalin peryarkal. intha varalartu peryarkale periyaiyan , avanthu manaivi periyayi , shivakolundhu, thayavu seithu angu sentru arachi seithal varalaru ketaikum... indrun periayan , periyayiku selai ullathu intha thiruthalathil.
Nice Articles..... Continue
I really proud of my community pallar and mallar
Pallar mallar great history...
இடங்கை..வலங்கை..என்னன்ன சமுதாயம் என்பதை விளக்கம் தருக.
இடங்கை..வலங்கை..என்னன்ன சமுதாயம் என்பதை விளக்கம் தருக.
na pallan endru solla perumaiadaikiren
vallga pallar vamsam
apache anandhan pallan
நான் பள்ளர் என்று சொல்ல பெருமை அடைகிறேன்.
நான் பள்ளர் என்று சொல்ல பெருமை அடைகிறேன்.
Tamil friends.. Don't fight with Each other..I agree pallar are pandiyar..because though the Geographical history I understood..whole world history is noted pallar culture..In all river bank in world pallar community is there ..pallar are real cheras,chola,pandiyas..I don't know y other Tamil friends are Not accepting..please see Orissa balu research speech about Tamil kings..In mexico,South America ..more 3000 tamil names are there ..that name are named denote pallar caste..Nepal,Korea,Greek..they mention pallar name..2 beach name is Kaldai (pallar)..don't dominate Each other.. Both a community participate in war..But don't hide real history..every evidence in other country is denote Mallar community..But we are in 21st century ..kind request don't fight with each other.. I respect all Tamil people.. Plz go through a Geographical evidence of Tamil kings..then u will understand ..who is real chera,chola,pandiyas..please watch otissa balu seminar.. You understand every thing..
By
archaeology research
https://www.google.co.in/search?biw=360&bih=337&tbm=vid&ei=c9IVWM21HoGCvQTvhY_4Bw&q=orissa+balu+refer+to+pallar+community&oq=&gs_l=mobile-gws-serp.1.0.41.4727.8330.0.24410.38.18.0.2.2.0.432.3943.0j4j9j2j1.16.0....0...1c.1.64.mobile-gws-serp..35.2.84.1.GSlnCy6depI
Plz go through the Geographical evidence vedio Tamil friends.. You will understand Tamil History ..!! I'm not supporting pallar caste..But history is clearly explained pallar are three Tamil king descendants!! ..!!
Tamil friends ..Pallar name not a Low grade word..In foreign country after the name they mention pallar Ex. Michel pallar..But only in Tamil nadu .the silly problem is going on. ..so don't degrade a other Tamil caste..
Plz go through :
1.Geographical Evidence
2.Literature EVidence
3.Sea Evidence
4.River Evidence
5.world history Evidence
But here u are Discussing only literature Evidence.. That's y some conflict are going..because of name issue..
If you view a above Evidence which is listed. You will understand ..Who are real chola ,cheras,pandiyas??
Plz view a all vedio of Orissa balu Research seminar...!!
We all are Educated in 21 st century..So We have to accept true.that's is Tamil culture.. I'm not pure Tamilian..But plz understand real history of Geographical Evidence!!..
I'm a Research student in History..!! So update a Geographical Evidence ..
They reply your comments Tamil friends..Look I'm not support certain caste..I'm supporting Tamil community
Probably literature ,Geographical,sea,copper plate Evidence coincide each other..!!
Please watch orissa balu seminar ..Tamil Tradition & culture refer to pallar community..We have to accept a truth Friend. Few century they are under slave.. That's is true after 17th century.!! In Greek scripture lot of pallar evidence is there..please think general point of view..without Mallar community we can't get a real history of Tamil..other country is showing Mallar evidence. Why we are in jealous/anger/frustrating about pallar?
Everything is true!! ..we all are Tamil community..don't Dominate others..
We all are Tami people. Be unity in Tamil... Accept a Truth
By
Archeology Research
I go through pervious comment which send by other community..I feel shame of Tamil community
Shall I ask some question!!
We are telling tamilian went to kanniyakumari to Kashmir?
Tamilian went to other nation Australia, Korea,some Asian Island,Mexico, Europe??
In this area pallar caste are there.so if u refuse to accept pallar as three kings means..Don't tell Tamilian went to foreign country..
Be patience to understand a evidence history..First koren king name is Sakra Devendra pallan.!! Still in Nepal Malla rule is going on....
Please coincide a literature + Geographical Evidence+ sea Evidence+copper plate...
Really I'm ashame of Tamil community..please be unity..!!
..... Don't be community terrorist Be a Tamil terrorist..
Archeology Research
I go through pervious comment which send by other community..I feel shame of Tamil community
Shall I ask some question!!
We are telling tamilian went to kanniyakumari to Kashmir?
Tamilian went to other nation Australia, Korea,some Asian Island,Mexico, Europe??
In this area pallar caste are there.so if u refuse to accept pallar as three kings means..Don't tell Tamilian went to foreign country..
Be patience to understand a evidence history..First koren king name is Sakra Devendra pallan.!! Still in Nepal Malla rule is going on....
Please coincide a literature + Geographical Evidence+ sea Evidence+copper plate...
Really I'm ashame of Tamil community..please be unity..!!
..... Don't be community terrorist Be a Tamil terrorist..
Archeology Research
Hai Friends!!!
We have great History!!
Probably all blogs are Discussing only literature Evidence.
our history Embed in Greek books!!
Best way to spread a Tamil history is using Android app..Like Examination,GK app
without pallar community we can't view a clear vision Tamil history
this one kind of Idea ,,Let us see!!!
Develop---> Tamil history app[refer to pallar community]..Because we are in IT world..
use SEO(Search Engine optimization]
use your creative Idea to show a real tamil history to world...
by
Tamilan
mallar kula daivam ennanu sulluka kula daivam thereyamla tavekeran nan sri lanka vel erunthu vanthavan
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